The set of instruction that serves primarily as a connection link between computer hardware and application software.
Managing hardware resource, loading during first turn on.
System Software are the System Control Programs, The main System Control Program is Operating System.
Provides commonly used set of instructions for all applications.
Without it, the device is just a box(or a bar) with lights.
Operating Systems
An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware.
An operating system is a software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
Operating system is the low-level software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks and controlling peripherals.
1 2 3 4 5 6 | #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> main() { printf("Types of OS");
}
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Common Operating System Task
Monitoring Performance
Correcting errors
Providing and maintaining the user interface
Starting(Booting)
Reading Programs into memory
Placing files and programs in secondary memory
Sanding jobs to hardwares
Maintaining security and limiting access
Locating files
Detecting virus
Compressing data
Formating diskettes
Controlling the computer monitor
Classification of OS
They can be classified into many types based on their interface, family,number of users they supports and source code.
Interface - CUI (Character User Interface) and GUI(Graohical User Interface)
Family - Unix Unix-like Linux Windows
Desktop Operating System, Departmental Operating System and Enterprise Operating System
Open Source, Closed Source, Partially open source
Desktop Operating System
Desktop Operating System supports a single users or some small group of people. These are those Operating system that most PC Users recognizes.
Unix-like (Mac OS,Solaris, FreeBSD,Linux,etc)
Linux - Yeah there are a ton of OS's under this. Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Fedora, Arch, Debian etc are few of the names I can think of right now.
Windows (95,98,ME,2000,NT,XP,Vista,7,8,10)
Departmental Operating System
For Departmental Operating system their Storage scalability, relibaility, backup, Security, multitasking, TCP/IP networking(Internate integration) etc also Networking management are the most.
The major departmental server operating systems includes UNIX Windows NT Server, IBM’s Os/2 Warp Server, Novell, Netware etc also IBM OS/400.
Enterprise Operating System
Enterprise Operating system system supports online applications, secure electronic commerce, miltiple concurrent users, large (Tbs) database, and millions of transaction per day.
The major enterprise operating systems includes IBM’s MSV(Multiple Virtual Storage) IBM’s VM(Virtual Machine), IBM’s VSE(Virtual Storage Extended) and Digital open VMS(Virtual machine system).
CUI (Character User Interface)
CUI means you have to take help of a keyboard to type commands to interact with the computer. You can only type text to give commands to the computer as in MS DOS or command prompt. There are no images or graphics on the screen and it is a primitive type of interface. Eg. MS DOS- OS for IBM PC
CUI’s have gradually become outdated with the more advanced GUI taking their place. However, even the most modern computers have a modified version of CUI called CLI (Command Line Interface). Linux
GUI(Graphical User Interface)
GUI is what most modern computers make use of. This is an interface that makes use of graphics, images and other visual clues such as icons. This interface made it possible for a mouse to be used with a computer and interaction really became very easy as the user could interact with just a click of the mouse rather than having to type every time to give commands to the computer. More the GUI More user friendly the OS be.
Example of OS
Windows is the most Used and most stable Operating System. Windows 95 first supports GUI among Microsoft Windows series.
Mac os x is one of the most user friendly Operating System. Developed by Apple Inc.
Android is a mobile open source operating system. Which uses the Linux kernel and written in java programming language
Linux is rapid growing operating System. Linux is the greatest success of Open Source GNU project. You can create your own version of Linux.
Other Type of OS
Batch operating system:- The users of a batch operating system do not interact with the computer directly. Each user prepares his job on an off-line device like punch cards and submits it to the computer operator.
Distributed operating System:- Distributed systems use multiple central processors to serve multiple real-time applications and multiple users. Data processing jobs are distributed among the processors accordingly.
Real Time operating System: A real-time system is defined as a data processing system in which the time interval required to process and respond to inputs is so small
Network operating System:- A Network Operating System runs on a server and provides the server the capability to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions.
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